In the United Kingdom, individual emissions contribute to approximately 45% of the national total. To address this issue, there is growing support for the introduction of personal carbon allowances, a concept gaining momentum in the public discourse.
The proposed approach would resemble an emissions trading scheme, like 'cap and trade.' Each person or household would be allocated a limited emissions quota to be spent on heating, energy consumption, travel, food, and potentially consumer goods. Those desiring to exceed their quota could purchase additional allowances to cover the excess, while those requiring less could sell their surplus back into the market. Over time, these quotas would gradually decrease to achieve net-zero emissions.
Advocates argue that linking personal behaviour to global warming would incentivise individuals to seek greener alternatives for energy, fuel, and goods. They also contend that it could drive a fundamental restructuring of the economy, favouring low or zero-emission businesses.
While the concept of personal carbon allowances is not new and was initially explored in the late 1990s, there has been renewed interest. The UK government commissioned two reports in 2006-2007 to investigate the potential implementation of such a scheme, considering options like a carbon credit card or a mobile app. Additionally, several local authorities have considered the idea. Researchers believe that the main challenge lies in establishing a scheme that is fair and effective. Technologically, they generally agree that it is achievable.
The introduction of personal carbon allowances holds promise to empower individuals to actively participate in reducing their carbon footprints. By connecting personal choices with environmental impact, it has the potential to drive behavioural change and contribute to the transition towards a more sustainable future.
